Einstein's Genie:there is a velocity 4-vector, tangent to each worldline

 

Einstein's Genie: Spacetime out of the Bottle

https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1927763142

Graham Nerlich - 2013

Then we can test whether the representation works in the real world. time space Thus there is a velocity 4-vector, tangent to each worldline, one at each point ...

 

Einstein's Genie: Spacetime out of the Bottle

https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1927763142

Graham Nerlich - 2013

A velocity vector has a magnitude given by an analogue of the particle's speed at ... the spacetime interval traversed, divided by the proper time dτ taken to traverse it, ... worldline Figure 4.2: Energy momentum 4-vector shown with components.

[PDF]Graham Nerlich is one of the most distinguished ...

https://arcaneknowledgeofthedeep.files.wordpress.com/.../whatspacetime...

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Graham Nerlich is one of the most distinguished contemporary philosophers of space and time. What spacetime explains brings together eleven of his essays in ...

Spacetime Physics - Page 191 - Google Books Result

https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0716723271

Edwin F. Taylor, ‎John Archibald Wheeler - 1992 - ‎Science

What lies behind the name momentum- energy (momenergy)? ... a four-dimensional arrow in spacetime, the momenergy 4-vector (Box 7- 1 ). ... Or rather no clock except one that the particle itself carries, its own wristwatch that records proper time. ... mass times displacement divided by time lapse for that displacement.

Making Starships and Stargates: The Science of ...

https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1461456231

James F. Woodward - 2012 - ‎Technology & Engineering

... as a four-vector – is just the inertial reaction four-force divided by the mass of the body. That is the derivative with respect to proper time of the four-momentum ...