qm01 偶极矩 偶极力是原子的感应偶极矩与外电场之间的相互作用力

光学晶格的形成

激光俘获冷原子的物理机制是原子在光场中会受到偶极力的作用。偶极力是原

子的感应偶极矩与外电场之间的相互作用力。在激光场中，振荡的电场可以使原子

产生一个振荡的偶极矩，这个偶极矩又会与引起它的电场产生作用，从而对原子形

成势阱，这就是光学偶极阱

http://www.sxu.edu.cn/yjjg/ioe/lab7-E/paper/chhx.pdf

Problem 1:
Find σ_k(θ) and σ_k for the scattering of a particle from a perfectly rigid sphere (an infinitely repulsive potential) of radius a.  Choose the energy of the particle such that ka << 1.
Solution:

	Concepts: Elastic scattering, the method of partial waves, s-wave scattering.
	Reasoning: For very slow particles or very short-range potentials the method of partial waves is the preferred method of calculating the scattering cross section, because only s-waves need to be considered.  http://electron9.phys.utk.edu/phys514/modules/module12/problems12.htm

Dipole moment can be defined as the product of magnitude of charge and the distance of separation between the charges. Dipole moment may refer to:

• Electric dipole moment, the measure of the electrical polarity of a system of charges
  • Transition dipole moment, the electrical dipole moment in quantum mechanics
  • Molecular dipole moment, the electric dipole moment of a molecule.
  • Bond dipole moment, the measure of polarity of a chemical bond
  • Electron electric dipole moment, the measure of the charge distribution within an electron
• Magnetic dipole moment, the measure of the magnetic polarity of a system of charges
  • Electron magnetic dipole moment
  • Nuclear magnetic moment, the magnetic moment of an atomic nucleus
• Topological dipole moment, the measure of the topological defect charge distribution
• The second order coefficient of the multipole expansion of a function