eduardo.physics.illinois.edu/...
Unlike systems which only have global symmetries, not all the classical configurations of vector potentials represent physically distinct states. It could be argued ...
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
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Gauge fixing - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauge_fixing
Any two detailed configurations in the same equivalence class are related by a gauge ... A particular choice of the scalar and vector potentials is a gauge (more .... not depend on the gauge function is said to be gauge invariant: all physical ... states, which are not observed in experiments at classical distance scales, one ...
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Quantum superposition - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_superposition
It states that much like waves in classical physics, any two (or more) quantum ... state can be represented as a sum of two or more other distinct states. ... For an equation describing a physical phenomenon, the superposition principle states that a ... Thus if state vectors f1, f2 and f3 each solve the linear equation on ψ, then ψ ...
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Gauge theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauge_theory
Its case is somewhat unique in that the gauge field is a tensor, the Lanczos tensor. ... 3.1 Classical electromagnetism; 3.2 An example: Scalar O(n) gauge theory .... orbit of mathematical configurations that represent a given physical situation to a ... to electromagnetism, we have a second potential, the vector potential A, with.
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Euclidean Quantum Gravity - Page 131 - Google Books Result
https://books.google.com/books?isbn=9810205163
G. W. Gibbons, Stephen W. Hawking - 1993 - Science
This manipulation is not needed to construct Euclidean functional integrals ... the classical Euclidean actions of these theories are manifestly positive. ... given in a form in which not all field configurations are physically distinct. ... In electromagnetism, the physical fields are the transverse components of the vector potential Af; ...[PDF]Exotic Smoothness in Four Dimensions and Euclidean ...
arxiv.org/pdf/0911.4068
arXiv
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by CL Duston - 2009 - Cited by 11 - Related articles
profound implications for our view of gravity and quantum field theory, and is a ... This means that locally the manifold is not just homeomorphic to Rn, but ... The basic path integral in quantum field theory is the integral over all field configurations and is ... sum are all physically distinct (nondiffeomorphic) and satisfy the same ...[PDF]Non-Compact Geometries in 2D Euclidean Quantum Gravity
arxiv.org/pdf/1010.5006
arXiv
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by JA Gesser - 2010 - Cited by 8 - Related articles
Oct 24, 2010 - calculate the FZZT-FZZT cylinder amplitudes for all pairs of Cardy matter states thereby ... 2D euclidean Quantum Gravity obtained in the scaling limit of ..... Each physically distinct configuration should only contribute once to the partition ..... the fiducial metric is to absorb f(x) into the Liouville field φ by a ...[PDF]Spacetime foam
arxiv.org/pdf/0806.0443
arXiv
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by AA Kirillov - 2008 - Cited by 2 - Related articles
Jun 18, 2008 - First, one integrates over all field configurations ... where Sef f is an independent effective action for each topology. ... velopment of euclidean quantum gravity is going on (e.g., see Refs. ... to the whole Euclidean space by adding non-physical regions of the space. Such a continuation is not unique however.Euclidean Quantum Gravity - Page 248 - Google Books Result
https://books.google.com/books?isbn=9810205163
G. W. Gibbons, Stephen W. Hawking - 1993 - Science
16irG 1 167TG (3.19e) (3.19f> where = —gx8u (3.20) by such terms. ... to ignore the above arguments and proceed to calculate physical observables in ... space (Loop quantum gravity - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loop_quantum_gravity
Loop quantum gravity (LQG) is a theory that attempts to describe the quantum .... dragging all the physical fields (including the gravitational field) over the bare .... The densitized triads are not unique, and in fact one can perform a local in space rotation ... The configuration variable gets promoted to a quantum operator via:.
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Gauge theory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauge_theory
Gauge fields are included in the Lagrangian to ensure its invariance under the local ... Theories of quantum gravity, beginning with gauge gravitation theory, also postulate the ..... a unique mathematical configuration (and therefore a unique physical ..... Not all gauge transformations can be generated by infinitesimal gauge ...
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String Theory: Volume 1, An Introduction to the Bosonic String
https://books.google.com/books?isbn=1139457403
Joseph Polchinski - 1998 - Science
Such an equivalence often arises when a single quantum theory has distinct classical limits. One classic example is particle–wave duality, wherein a quantum field ... the Boltzmann sum being dominated by the configurations oflowest energy. ... be flat is somewhat disregarded; thus one refers to Euclidean quantum gravity, ...
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